Energy Band

Molecules in gaseous substances are arranged in a manner in which they are not very close to each other. While in the liquid substances, they are closer to one another. The electrons in every orbit contain a specific amount of energy in a single atom. In solids, all the atoms are closely packed with each other. This affects the energy level of electrons of outer orbit because of the surrounding atoms. When four isolated atoms are brought together, the electrons in the outer orbit of one of the atoms experience a force from the atom nearer to it. Because of this process, the energies of the electrons change. This means that the energy levels will not be the same. The value of the electrons is changed to a higher or lower energy level than the original energy level of the electron. Energy levels of the electrons in the same orbit are different every time. When you group these varied energy levels the energy band is formed. Energy levels of electrons of inner orbits are not affected by the atoms which are nearer to them.